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Feb 28

A Bit Info about Ali Gali

In Manchu, Traditional Mongolian and Todo Mongolian, there are some symbols and letters called Ali Gali. They are not in the daily Manchu, Traditional Mongolian and Todo Mongolian alphabets, and not in the most of the textbooks, either. They are extensions for transcribing Sanskrit and Tibetan.

᠍English: Ali Gali
Sanskrit: आलिकालि
ISAT: āli-kāli
Simplified Chinese: 阿礼嘎礼
Traditional Chinese: 阿禮嘠禮
Pinyin: Ālǐ Gālǐ
Manchu: ᠠᠯᡳ ᡤᠠᠯᡳ
Traditional Mongolian: ᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠢ

Ali Gali symbols and letters are not well arranged in Unicode and there are mistakes. We will discuss them one by one later.

十六世紀蒙古信奉佛教,廣譯遍傳佛經,蒙古文字因而普及、定型。因此十六、十七世紀之交,為蒙古之文藝復興。在這之前書寫蒙古語的之部分缺失,皆改進之。此時引入許多藏語、梵語之內典用語,取代以往蒙古人使用的辭彙。並且為了便於轉譯藏、梵語音,另造變體字母。字母之改良以阿里嘎里為大宗。1587年,喀喇沁翻譯者阿尤希固什修改舊有的字體,自創了阿里嘎里字體,這個字體可以表達所有的藏、梵語語音,且可以表達諸蒙古語所無之輔音群。

The following books are very useful for Manchu Ali Gali:

同文韻統 (同文韵统, Tongwen Yuntong)
御製五體清文鑑 (御制五体清文鉴, Yuzhi Wuti Qingwen Jian)

Related posts:

  1. What Is Daur Script?
  2. Difference between Manchu Script & Sibe Script
  3. Do Not Use “Sibe Syllable Boundary Marker”
  4. Mysterious Mongolian Digits
  5. Is Mongolian Colon Necessary?

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